A PNA-mediated Whiplash PCR-based Program for In Vitro Protein Evolution
DNA8 Revised Papers from the 8th International Workshop on DNA Based Computers: DNA Computing
A Design for Cellular Evolutionary Computation by using Bacteria
Natural Computing: an international journal
Evolutionary Algorithms in Drug Design
Natural Computing: an international journal
A novel ab-initio genetic-based approach for protein folding prediction
Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Crossover accelerates evolution in gas with a babel-like fitness landscape: Mathematical analyses
Evolutionary Computation
PPAM'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics
Toward “wet” implementation of genetic algorithm for protein engineering
DNA'04 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on DNA computing
Evolutionary computation: comments on the history and current state
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
A Drug Candidate Design Environment Using Evolutionary Computation
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
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Protein engineering, developing novel proteins with a desired activity, has become increasingly important in many fields. This paper presents two studies in protein engineering: (i) a biological implementation of a genetic algorithm, with an observed in vitro evolution, and (ii) its preliminary computer simulation using a prototypical probabilistic model based on a random walk. The steady evolution of the fitness distribution of the mutant proteins that appeared in the biological experiments has provided some convincing evidence about the search behavior and the fitness landscape. The computer simulation and the simple probabilistic model have indicated their future potential for providing a practical alternative to the time-consuming manual operations in the biological experiments. Successful experimental results in the two studies have raised expectations of their further development and mutually beneficial interactions.