Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Genetic programming: an introduction: on the automatic evolution of computer programs and its applications
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Lexicographic Parsimony Pressure
GECCO '02 Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference
Shorter Fitness Preserving Genetic Programs
AE '99 Selected Papers from the 4th European Conference on Artificial Evolution
Genetic Programming IV: Routine Human-Competitive Machine Intelligence
Genetic Programming IV: Routine Human-Competitive Machine Intelligence
Problem Difficulty and Code Growth in Genetic Programming
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Algebraic simplification of GP programs during evolution
Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
A comparison of bloat control methods for genetic programming
Evolutionary Computation
Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques, Second Edition (Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)
Balancing accuracy and parsimony in genetic programming
Evolutionary Computation
Effects of code growth and parsimony pressure on populations in genetic programming
Evolutionary Computation
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Improving the accuracy and robustness of genetic programming through expression simplification
GECCO '96 Proceedings of the 1st annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
The root causes of code growth in genetic programming
EuroGP'03 Proceedings of the 6th European conference on Genetic programming
A Field Guide to Genetic Programming
A Field Guide to Genetic Programming
Program simplification in genetic programming for object classification
KES'05 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part III
A comparison of linear genetic programming and neural networks inmedical data mining
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Symbolic regression using nearest neighbor indexing
Proceedings of the 12th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Have your spaghetti and eat it too: evolutionary algorithmics and post-evolutionary analysis
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Analysis of building blocks with numerical simplification in genetic programming
EuroGP'10 Proceedings of the 13th European conference on Genetic Programming
Prioritized grammar enumeration: symbolic regression by dynamic programming
Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
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This paper investigates the effect on building blocks during evolution of two online program simplification methods in genetic programming. The two simplification methods considered are algebraic simplification and numerical simplification. The building blocks considered are of a more general form (two and three level subtrees) than numeric constants only. Unlike most of the existing work which often uses simple symbolic regression tasks, this work considers classification tasks as examples. We develop a new method for encoding possible building blocks for the analysis. The results show that the two online program simplification methods can generate new diverse building blocks during evolution although they also destroy existing ones and that many of the existing building blocks are retained during evolution. Compared with the canonical genetic programming method, the two simplification methods can generate much smaller programs, use much shorter evolutionary training time and achieve comparable effectiveness performance.