Ant Colony Optimization
The traveling salesman: computational solutions for TSP applications
The traveling salesman: computational solutions for TSP applications
Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
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Ant Colony Optimization is a metaheuristic which has been successfully applied to solve several NP-hard problems. It includes several algorithms which imitate the behavior of natural ants. The algorithm called Ant Colony System is one of the best-performing ant-based algorithms. In this paper we present an enhanced algorithm, which applies dynamic programming to improve the solution generated by the ants. The method is applied to the well-known Traveling Salesman Problem. We present computational results that show the improvement obtained with the modified algorithm.