Design patterns: elements of reusable object-oriented software
Design patterns: elements of reusable object-oriented software
Hardware design experiences in ZebraNet
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Distributed Sensor Networks (Chapman & Hall/Crc Computer and Information Science)
Distributed Sensor Networks (Chapman & Hall/Crc Computer and Information Science)
A survey on wireless multimedia sensor networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Efficient information compression in sensor networks
International Journal of Sensor Networks
Efficient Data Collection and Selective Queries in Sensor Networks
GeoSensor Networks
Geosensor Data Abstraction for Environmental Monitoring Application
GIScience '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Geographic Information Science
Improving Localization in Geosensor Networks through Use of Sensor Measurement Data
GIScience '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Geographic Information Science
IEEE Internet Computing
Ontological analysis of observations and measurements
GIScience'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Geographic Information Science
A Functional Ontology of Observation and Measurement
GeoS '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on GeoSpatial Semantics
Semantic Challenges for Sensor Plug and Play
W2GIS '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems
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The understanding of complex environmental phenomena, such as deforestation and epidemics, requires observations at multiple scales. This scale dependency is not handled well by today's rather technical sensor definitions. Geosensor networks are normally defined as distributed ad-hoc wireless networks of computing platforms serving to monitor phenomena in geographic space. Such definitions also do not admit animals as sensors. Consequently, they exclude human sensors, which are the key to volunteered geographic information, and they fail to support connections between phenomena observed at multiple scales. We propose definitions of sensors as information sources at multiple aggregation levels, relating physical stimuli to observations. An algebraic formalization shows their behavior as well as their aggregations and generalizations. It is intended as a basis for defining consistent application programming interfaces to sense the environment at multiple scales of observations and with different types of sensors.