A dynamic disk spin-down technique for mobile computing
MobiCom '96 Proceedings of the 2nd annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Dynamic power management of laptop hard disk (poster paper)
DATE '00 Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Models of Parallel Applications with Large Computation and I/O Requirements
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Conserving disk energy in network servers
ICS '03 Proceedings of the 17th annual international conference on Supercomputing
DRPM: dynamic speed control for power management in server class disks
Proceedings of the 30th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Exposing disk layout to compiler for reducing energy consumption of parallel disk based systems
Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming
Modeling Hard-Disk Power Consumption
FAST '03 Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
The effects of energy management on reliability in real-time embedded systems
Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE/ACM International conference on Computer-aided design
Dynamic Voltage Scaling of Flash Memory Storage Systems for Low-Power Real-Time Embedded Systems
ICESS '05 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems
Optimal Dynamic Voltage Scaling in Energy-Limited Nonpreemptive Systems with Real-Time Constraints
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Disk failures in the real world: what does an MTTF of 1,000,000 hours mean to you?
FAST '07 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Failure trends in a large disk drive population
FAST '07 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX conference on File and Storage Technologies
Compiler-Directed Energy Optimization for Parallel Disk Based Systems
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Evaluating memory energy efficiency in parallel I/O workloads
CLUSTER '07 Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing
Analysis of energy reduction on dynamic voltage scaling-enabled systems
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
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Computer hard disks have different failure probability rates that are a function of age and utilization. In this paper the relationship between the disk age, utilization, and failure probabilities are determined. This relationship is used to estimate a safe utilization zone for a disk dependent on its age. Results prove that when disks are operated in safe utilization zones the probability of failure is minimised drastically. Energy consumption is reduced by operating the disks at three power modes: Active, Idle and Sleep. We considered a storage system organized using RAID 1 for the experiments. In RAID 1 data is mirrored to the backup disks from the primary disks. Traditional methods wake up the backup disks when the utilization of the primary disks exceeds 100 percent or both the disks are always active to balance the load between the disks. These methods consume a massive amount of energy. Hence, we designed a policy where we determine the safe utilization levels for the disks to operate with minimum probability failure rates while also conserving energy. This approach is not only reliable but also saves a significant amount of energy.