The Hierarchical Hidden Markov Model: Analysis and Applications
Machine Learning
A hybrid graphical model for rhythmic parsing
Artificial Intelligence
Monte Carlo methods for tempo tracking and rhythm quantization
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Identifying hierarchical structure in sequences: a linear-time algorithm
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Context-specific independence in Bayesian networks
UAI'96 Proceedings of the Twelfth international conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
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Repetition is an important phenomenon in a variety of domains, such as music, computer programs and architectural drawings. A generative model for these domains should account for the possibility of repetition. We present repeated observation models (ROMs), a framework for modeling sequences that explicitly allows for repetition. In a ROM, an element is either generated by copying a previous element, or by using a base model. We show how to build ROMs using n- grams and hidden Markov models as the base model. We also describe an extension of ROMs in which entire subsequences are repeated together. Results from a music modeling domain show that ROMs can lead to dramatic improvement in predictive ability.