Digital watermarking
Optimal probabilistic fingerprint codes
Proceedings of the thirty-fifth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Optimization of Tardos's fingerprinting codes in a viewpoint of memory amount
IH'07 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Information hiding
Anti-collusion fingerprinting for multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Joint coding and embedding techniques for MultimediaFingerprinting
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Collusion-secure fingerprinting for digital data
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Tardos Fingerprinting is Better Than We Thought
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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Digital forensic coding is an emerging technology that offers proactive post-delivery protection of multimedia. Multi-user collusion attacks are powerful attacks against digital forensic marking, where groups of attackers collectively mount attacks to attenuate the identifying marks. The colluders usually perform post-processing, such as compression, on the colluded multimedia content before redistribution. The post-processing may introduce errors in the detected bits of the forensic code and represents a new challenge to the forensic code design. In this paper, we first study the performance of a simple extension from ECC-based forensic marking to create a binary forensic code, and then improve its performance to provide post-processing resistance. This new code is constructed by concatenating an orthogonal binary code with a large-distance Reed-Solomon code. The simulation results show that our binary forensic code design can achieve 100% detection rate when the number of colluders is less than 20 and up to 32% of the colluded forensic code is changed during the post-processing.