Why Locally-Fair Maximal Flows in Client-Server Networks Perform Well

  • Authors:
  • Kenneth A. Berman;Chad Yoshikawa

  • Affiliations:
  • Computer Science Department, Cincinnati, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America 45221;Computer Science Department, Cincinnati, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America 45221

  • Venue:
  • COCOON '09 Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Computing and Combinatorics
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

Maximal flows reach at least a 1/2 approximation of the maximum flow in client-server networks. By adding only 1 additional time round to any distributed maximal flow algorithm we show how this 1/2-approximation can be improved on bounded-degree networks. We call these modified maximal flows `locally fair' since there is a measure of fairness prescribed to each client and server in the network. Let N = (U ,V ,E ,b ) represent a client-server network with clients U , servers V , network links E , and node capacities b , where we assume that each capacity is at least one unit. Let d (u ) denote the b -weighted degree of any node u *** U *** V , Δ = max {d (u ) | u *** U } and *** = min { d (v ) | v *** V }. We show that a locally-fair maximal flow f achieves an approximation to the maximum flow of $\min \{ 1, \frac{\Delta^2 - \delta} {2\Delta^2 - \delta\Delta - \Delta}$ }, and this result is sharp for any given integers *** and Δ. This results are of practical importance since local-fairness loosely models the steady-state behavior of TCP/IP and these types of degree-bounds often occur naturally (or are easy to enforce) in real client-server systems.