Automatic essay grading using text categorization techniques
Proceedings of the 21st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A similarity-based probability model for latent semantic indexing
Proceedings of the 22nd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A vector space model for automatic indexing
Communications of the ACM
The Debate on Automated Essay Grading
IEEE Intelligent Systems
Using Probabilistic Information in Data Integration
VLDB '97 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Knowledge-Enhanced Latent Semantic Indexing
Information Retrieval
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A full understanding of text is out of reach of current human language technology. However, a shallow Natural Language Processing (NLP) approach can be used to provide automated help in the evaluation of essays. The main idea of this paper is that Latent Semantic Indexing (LSA) can be used in conjunction with ontologies and First order Logic (FOL) to locate segments relevant to a question in a student essay. Our test bed, in a first instance, is a set of ontologies such the AKT reference ontology (describing academic life), Newspaper and a Koala ontology (concerning koalas' habitat).