Non-parametric techniques for pitch-scale and time-scale modification of speech
Speech Communication - Special issue: voice conversion: state of the art and perspectives
Programs for Digital Signal Processing
Programs for Digital Signal Processing
ICASSP '96 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02
ICASSP '01 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02
Shape invariant time-scale and pitch modification of speech
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Prosody modification using instants of significant excitation
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
International Journal of Speech Technology
Dynamic prosody modification using zero frequency filtered signal
International Journal of Speech Technology
Vowel onset point detection for noisy speech using spectral energy at formant frequencies
International Journal of Speech Technology
Identification of Indian languages using multi-level spectral and prosodic features
International Journal of Speech Technology
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This paper proposes a method for duration (time scale) modification using glottal closure instants (GCI, also known as instants of significant excitation) and vowel onset points (VOP). In general, most of the time scale modification methods attempt to vary the duration of speech segments uniformly over all regions. But it is observed that consonant regions and transition regions between a consonant and the following vowel, and between two consonant regions do not vary appreciably with speaking rate. The proposed method implements the duration modification without changing the durations of the transition and consonant regions. Vowel onset points are used to identify the transition and consonant regions. A VOP is the instant at which the onset of the vowel takes place, which corresponds to the transition from a consonant to the following vowel in most cases. The VOPs are computed using the Hilbert envelope of linear prediction (LP) residual. The instants of significant excitation correspond to the instants of glottal closure (epochs) in the case of voiced speech, and to some random excitations, like the onset of burst, in the case of nonvoiced speech. Manipulation of duration is achieved by modifying the duration of the LP residual with the help of instants of significant excitation as pitch markers. The modified residual is used to excite the time-varying filter whose parameters are derived from the original speech signal. Perceptual quality of the synthesized speech is found to be natural. Performance of the proposed method is compared with the method, where the duration of speech is modified uniformly over all regions. Samples of speech signals for different modification factors is available for listening at http://sit.iitkgp.ernet.in/~ksrao/result.html.