I3R: a new approach to the design of document retrieval systems
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
A case for interaction: a study of interactive information retrieval behavior and effectiveness
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Statistical methods for speech recognition
Statistical methods for speech recognition
Suffix arrays: a new method for on-line string searches
SODA '90 Proceedings of the first annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms
Multidimensional binary search trees used for associative searching
Communications of the ACM
LetterWise: prefix-based disambiguation for mobile text input
Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Probabilistic query expansion using query logs
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on World Wide Web
Sorting Out Searching on Small Screen Devices
Mobile HCI '02 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction
A comparison of consecutive and concurrent input text entry techniques for mobile phones
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A large scale study of wireless search behavior: Google mobile search
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Mining search engine query logs for query recommendation
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Examining the effectiveness of real-time query expansion
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
ACLdemo '05 Proceedings of the ACL 2005 on Interactive poster and demonstration sessions
Mobile information access: A study of emerging search behavior on the mobile Internet
ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB)
Text Entry Systems: Mobility, Accessibility, Universality
Text Entry Systems: Mobility, Accessibility, Universality
Query suggestions for mobile search: understanding usage patterns
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The role of context in query input: using contextual signals to complete queries on mobile devices
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Search Vox: leveraging multimodal refinement and partial knowledge for mobile voice search
Proceedings of the 21st annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
NAACL-Short '07 Human Language Technologies 2007: The Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics; Companion Volume, Short Papers
Towards more intelligent mobile search
IJCAI'05 Proceedings of the 19th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
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As users enter web queries, real-time query expansion (RTQE) interfaces offer suggestions based on an index garnered from query logs. In selecting a suggestion, users can potentially reduce keystrokes, which can be very beneficial on mobile devices with deficient input means. Unfortunately, RTQE interfaces typically provide little assistance when only parts of an intended query appear among the suggestion choices. In this paper, we introduce Phrase Builder, an RTQE interface that reduces keystrokes by facilitating the selection of individual query words and by leveraging back-off query techniques to offer completions for out-of-index queries. We describe how we implemented a small memory footprint index and retrieval algorithm, and discuss lessons learned from three versions of the user interface, which was iteratively designed through user studies. Compared to standard auto-completion and typing, the last version of Phrase Builder reduced more keystrokes-per-character, was perceived to be faster, and was overall preferred by users.