Herd-Based Target Tracking Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

Authors:
Xiaofei Xing;Guojun Wang;Jie Wu
Affiliations:
School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China 410083;School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China 410083 and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA 334 ...;Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA 33431
Venue:
WASA '09 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications
Year:
2009

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Abstract

Target tracking is a killer application in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Energy efficiency is one of the most important design goals for target tracking. In this paper, we propose a herd-based target tracking protocol (HTTP) with the notions of node state transition and herd-based node group for target tracking. A sensor node has three states, namely, sleeping state, sensing state, and tracking state. Each sensor node is associated with a weight to be used to make a state transition among the three states. When a target moves into a monitoring area, a cluster node is selected as the herd head that is responsible for reporting the target information to the sink in the network. The sensor node can adjust the frequency of data reporting according to the velocity of the target. Simulation results show that HTTP not only improves the energy efficiency, but also enhances the tracking accuracy.