Languages with self-reference I: foundations (or: we can have everything in first-order logic])
Artificial Intelligence
A syntactic theory of belief and action
Artificial Intelligence
Logical foundations of artificial intelligence
Logical foundations of artificial intelligence
Truth and modality for knowledge representation
Truth and modality for knowledge representation
Fundamenta Informaticae
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Logicians frequently use axiom schemata to encode (potentially infinite) sets of sentences with particular syntactic form. In this paper we examine a first-order language in which it is possible to write expressions that both describe sentences and assert the truth of the sentences so described. The effect of adding such expressions to a knowledge base is the same as directly including the set of described sentences.