Understanding computers and cognition
Understanding computers and cognition
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
Human-Computer Interaction
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In this paper, we discuss principles for designing and testing computer systems intended to support users' thinking as they perform open-ended or ill-defined tasks. We argue that such systems inherently and inevitably implement a model of users' cognitive behaviors. Making that model explicit can provide system developers with guidance in taking design decisions. However, both model and system must be tested and refined. We discuss these principles in relation to a case study in which our group developed a hypertext-based writing environment and then tested that system in a series of experimental studies of writers' strategies.