Comprehensive formal verification of an OS microkernel
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
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Worst-case execution time (WCET) analysis is one of the major tasks in timing validation of hard real-time systems. In complex systems with real-time operating systems (RTOS), the timing properties of the system are decided by both the applications and the RTOS. Traditionally, WCET analysis mainly deals with application programs, while it is crucial to know whether the RTOS also behaves in a timely predictable manner. In this paper, we present a case study where static analysis is used to predict the WCET of the system calls of the uC/OS-II real-time kernel. To our knowledge, this paper is the first to present quantitative results on the real-time performance of uC/OS-II. The precision of applying existing WCET analysis techniques on RTOS code is evaluated, and the practical difficulties in using static methods in timing analysis of RTOS are also reported.