Comparing Dot and Landscape Spatializations for Visual Memory Differences

  • Authors:
  • Melanie Tory;Colin Swindells;Rebecca Dreezer

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Victoria;University of Victoria;McMaster University

  • Venue:
  • IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

Spatialization displays use a geographic metaphor to arrange non-spatial data. For example, spatializations arecommonly applied to document collections so that document themes appear as geographic features such as hills. Many common spatialization interfaces use a 3-D landscape metaphor to present data. However, it is not clear whether 3-D spatializations afford improved speed and accuracy for user tasks compared to similar 2-D spatializations. We describe a user study comparing users’ ability to remember dot displays, 2-D landscapes, and 3-D landscapes for two different data densities (500 vs. 1000 points). Participants’ visual memory was statistically more accurate when viewing dot displays and 3-D landscapes compared to 2-D landscapes. Furthermore, accuracy remembering a spatialization was significantly better overall for denser spatializations. Theseresults are of benefit to visualization designers who are contemplating the best ways to present data using spatialization techniques.