An algorithm for drawing general undirected graphs
Information Processing Letters
Graph drawing by force-directed placement
Software—Practice & Experience
Drawing graphs nicely using simulated annealing
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
The Unified Modeling Language reference manual
The Unified Modeling Language reference manual
Drawing graphs: methods and models
Drawing graphs: methods and models
Spring algorithms and symmetry
Theoretical Computer Science - computing and combinatorics
An Experimental Comparison of Force-Directed and Randomized Graph Drawing Algorithms
GD '95 Proceedings of the Symposium on Graph Drawing
Which Aesthetic has the Greatest Effect on Human Understanding?
GD '97 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Graph Drawing
Improved Force-Directed Layouts
GD '98 Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Graph Drawing
A Fast Adaptive Layout Algorithm for Undirected Graphs
GD '94 Proceedings of the DIMACS International Workshop on Graph Drawing
Planarity for Clustered Graphs
ESA '95 Proceedings of the Third Annual European Symposium on Algorithms
Area-Efficient Static and Incremental Graph Drawings
ESA '97 Proceedings of the 5th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms
A new approach for visualizing UML class diagrams
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Software visualization
Force-transfer: a new approach to removing overlapping nodes in graph layout
ACSC '03 Proceedings of the 26th Australasian computer science conference - Volume 16
Extending the WilmaScope 3D graph visualisation system: software demonstration
APVis '05 proceedings of the 2005 Asia-Pacific symposium on Information visualisation - Volume 45
A New Force-Directed Graph Drawing Method Based on Edge-Edge Repulsion
IV '05 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Information Visualisation
NodeTrix: a Hybrid Visualization of Social Networks
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Drawing graphs with non-uniform vertices
Proceedings of the Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
GD'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Graph Drawing
GEOMI: GEOmetry for maximum insight
GD'05 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Graph Drawing
Drawing large graphs with a potential-field-based multilevel algorithm
GD'04 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Graph Drawing
A compound graph layout algorithm for biological pathways
GD'04 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Graph Drawing
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
A new force-directed graph drawing method based on edge-edge repulsion
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
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Graphs with nonuniform nodes arise naturally in many real-world applications. Although graph drawing has been a very active research in the computer science community during the past decade, most of the graph drawing algorithms developed thus far have been designed for graphs whose nodes are represented as single points. As a result, it is of importance to develop drawing methods for graphs whose nodes are of different sizes and shapes, in order to meet the need of real-world applications. To this end, a potential field approach, coupled with an idea commonly found in force-directed methods, is proposed in this paper for drawing graphs with nonuniform nodes in 2-D and 3-D. In our framework, nonuniform nodes are uniformly charged, while edges are modelled by springs. Using certain techniques developed in the field of potential-based path planning, we are able to find analytically tractable procedures for computing the repulsive force and torque of a node in the potential field induced by the remaining nodes. The crucial feature of our approach is that the rotation of every nonuniform node and the multiple edges between two nonuniform nodes are taken into account. In comparison with the existing algorithms found in the literature, our experimental results suggest this new approach to be promising, as drawings of good quality for a variety of moderate-sized graphs in 2-D and 3-D can be produced reasonably efficiently. That is, our approach is suitable for moderate-sized interactive graphs or larger-sized static graphs. Furthermore, to illustrate the usefulness of our new drawing method for graphs with zero-sized nodes, we give an application to the visualization of hierarchical clustered graphs, for which our method offers a very efficient solution.