Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
State-of-the-art in protocol research for underwater acoustic sensor networks
WUWNet '06 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Underwater networks
Modeling the underwater acoustic channel in ns2
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Performance evaluation methodologies and tools
The challenges of building mobile underwater wireless networks for aquatic applications
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
Performance evaluation of underwater wireless sensor networks with OPNET
Proceedings of the 4th International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques
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In the last years, wireless sensor networks have been proposed for their deployment in underwater environments where a lot of applications like aquiculture, pollution monitoring and offshore exploration would benefit from this technology. Despite having a very similar functionality, Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) exhibit several architectural differences with respect to the terrestrial ones, which are mainly due to the transmission medium characteristics (sea water) and the signal employed to transmit data (acoustic ultrasound signals). So, the design of appropriate network architecture for UWSNs is seriously hardened by the specific characteristics of the communication system. In this work we analyze several acoustic channel models for their use in underwater wireless sensor network architectures. For that purpose, we have implemented them by using the OPNET Modeler tool in order to perform an evaluation of their behavior under different network scenarios. Finally, some conclusions are drawn showing the impact on UWSN performance of different elements of channel model and particular specific environment conditions