A cluster-based approach for routing in dynamic networks
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network
MobiCom '99 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Next century challenges: scalable coordination in sensor networks
MobiCom '99 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks
HICSS '00 Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 8 - Volume 8
Design and Performance of a Distributed Dynamic Clustering Algorithm for Ad-Hoc Networks
SS '01 Proceedings of the 34th Annual Simulation Symposium (SS01)
HEED: A Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, Distributed Clustering Approach for Ad Hoc Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
IEEE Communications Magazine
Optimal cluster-head deployment in wireless sensor networks with redundant link requirements
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Performance evaluation methodologies and tools
Low-complexity and energy efficient image compression scheme for wireless sensor networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Data fusion and topology control in wireless sensor networks
ELECTROSCIENCE'07 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Applied electromagnetics, wireless and optical communications
A new method for intrusion detection on hierarchical wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication
Towards clustering algorithms in wireless sensor networks: a survey
WCNC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE conference on Wireless Communications & Networking Conference
An efficient cluster-based self-organisation algorithm for wireless sensor networks
International Journal of Sensor Networks
WiCOM'09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Wireless communications, networking and mobile computing
Multimodal analysis of body sensor network data streams for real-time healthcare
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia information retrieval
International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing
Efficient multilevel clustering for large-scale heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Communication, Computing & Security
Prolonging the lifetime of wireless sensor networks using multi-level clustering and heterogeneity
SEPADS'11 Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on Software engineering, parallel and distributed systems
Cluster size optimization in sensor networks with decentralized cluster-based protocols
Computer Communications
Future Generation Computer Systems
A Backbone-Aware Topology Formation (BATF) Scheme for ZigBee Wireless Sensor Networks
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Enhancing Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks with Energy Heterogeneity
International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking
An Energy-Efficient Multilevel Clustering Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks
International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications
Energy efficient data gathering using prediction-based filtering in wireless sensor networks
International Journal of Information and Communication Technology
Energy-efficient clustering in lossy wireless sensor networks
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
A Sink-Oriented Layered Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Mobile Networks and Applications
Interaction relationships of caches in agent-based HD video surveillance: Discovery and utilization
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
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The clustering Algorithm is a kind of key technique used to reduce energy consumption. It can increase the scalability and lifetime of the network. Energy-efficient clustering protocols should be designed for the characteristic of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. We propose and evaluate a new distributed energy-efficient clustering scheme for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which is called DEEC. In DEEC, the cluster-heads are elected by a probability based on the ratio between residual energy of each node and the average energy of the network. The epochs of being cluster-heads for nodes are different according to their initial and residual energy. The nodes with high initial and residual energy will have more chances to be the cluster-heads than the nodes with low energy. Finally, the simulation results show that DEEC achieves longer lifetime and more effective messages than current important clustering protocols in heterogeneous environments.