A finite element model of fluid flow in the vocal tract

Authors:
T. J. Thomas
Affiliations:
-
Venue:
Computer Speech and Language
Year:
1986

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Abstract

A finite element model of the vocal tract was made in which the time-dependent, compressible, Navier Stokes equations were solved. No assumptions or simplifications in the physics were made, but a simple fixed wall tube was used as the vocal tract wall. The model was used to study the various effects that may be observed which are due to the Navier Stokes equations' non-linear and stress-related terms. These terms contribute boundary layer effects and energy transfers between frequency bands. Overall, the finite element model proved capable of resolving many effects that are not explained by linear theory. Two set of experiments were performed on the model to examine both time-varying and steady-state responses. Using the model a complete synthetic dipthong was produced to demonstrate the use of the system. The boundary layers could be distinguished, and their effect on the overall response demonstrated.