An experimental investigation into the influence of user state and environment on fading characteristics in wireless body area networks at 2.45 GHz

Authors:
Simon L. Cotton;William G. Scanlon
Affiliations:
School of Electronics, Electrical Eng. and Computer Science, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK;School of Electronics, Electrical Eng. and Computer Science, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK
Venue:
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Year:
2009

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Abstract

Using seven strategically placed, time-synchronized bodyworn receivers covering the head, upper front and back torso, and the limbs, we have investigated the effect of user state: stationary or mobile and local environment: anechoic chamber, open office area and hallway upon first and second order statistics for on-body fading channels. Three candidate models were considered: Nakagami, Rice and lognormal. Using maximum likelihood estimation and the Akaike information criterion it was established that the Nakagami-m distribution best described small-scale fading for the majority of on-body channels over all the measurement scenarios. When the user was stationary, Nakagami-m parameters were found to be much greater than 1, irrespective of local surroundings. For mobile channels, Nakagami-m parameters significantly decreased, with channels in the open office area and hallway experiencing the worst fading conditions.