A Computational Approach to Edge Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Introduction to statistical pattern recognition (2nd ed.)
Introduction to statistical pattern recognition (2nd ed.)
Using Discriminant Eigenfeatures for Image Retrieval
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Content-Based Image Retrieval at the End of the Early Years
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Multidimensional binary search trees used for associative searching
Communications of the ACM
R-trees: a dynamic index structure for spatial searching
SIGMOD '84 Proceedings of the 1984 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
A Comparative Study of Spatial Indexing Techniques for Multidimensional Scientific Datasets
SSDBM '04 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management
An efficient parts-based near-duplicate and sub-image retrieval system
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Enhanced Perceptual Distance Functions and Indexing for Image Replica Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A unified framework for resolving ambiguity in copy detection
Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
PCA-SIFT: a more distinctive representation for local image descriptors
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Color-based descriptors for image fingerprinting
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Content-Based Copy Retrieval Using Distortion-Based Probabilistic Similarity Search
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Robust coding schemes for indexing and retrieval from large face databases
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Frontal face authentication using morphological elastic graph matching
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
MPEG-7 visual shape descriptors
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
An efficient expanding block algorithm for image copy-move forgery detection
Information Sciences: an International Journal
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This manuscript introduces a novel system for content-based identification of image replicas. The proposed approach utilizes image resemblance for deciding whether a test image has been replicated from a certain original or not. We formulate replica detection as a classification problem and show that we can optimize efficiency on a per query basis by dynamically solving a reduced multiclass problem. For this purpose, we investigate the effective coupling of multidimensional indexing and machine learning approaches and we aim to achieve replica detection through the training of classifiers with distortions expected in a replica. Visual descriptors are indexed using an R-tree based multidimensional structure for fast image retrieval. Cases unsuccessfully handled by the R-tree are resolved by a multiclass classifier operating on the transformed feature space that results from the application of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Experimental results show that the proposed system can identify replicas with high accuracy and facilitate a wide range of applications such as copyright protection, content-based monitoring, content-aware multimedia management, etc.