Conditional nonlinear planning
Proceedings of the first international conference on Artificial intelligence planning systems
Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Growth and maturity of intelligent tutoring systems: a status report
Smart machines in education
Adaptive Agent Architecture Inspired by Human Behavior
IAT '04 Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology
Corroborating Role Theory and Intelligent Agents: a New Paradigm to Support Collaborative Learning?
IAT '05 Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology
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Intelligent agents are increasingly being exploited as synthetic role players (e.g., teammates, coaches, and opponents) in scenario-based training (SBT). However, the introduction of intelligent agents into training applications comes with its share of challenges given the unique requirements of each role. In particular, the required level of intelligence depends on the requirements of a particular role. For example, agents performing as "extras" in a scene require little or no intelligence, whereas an in situ remediation agent requires the ability to diagnose student deficiencies relative to, for example, the school solution and provide appropriate instruction to remedy the deficiencies. To perform some functions, agents require an understanding of the problem domain; for others, they merely need to understand their own tasks. In some cases, agents need the ability to plan, whereas in other cases they merely need the ability to react. A pedagogical agent that typically interacts with the learner stands to benefit from having a human persona (an avatar) and an instructor-like personality. In light of the foregoing, the implementation of these agents for scenario-based training (SBT) can take a variety of forms and vary in their level of sophistication. This paper presents the various roles that intelligent agents can play in SBT to dramatically lower training costs without compromising training effectiveness.