Bounds on Contention Management Algorithms

  • Authors:
  • Johannes Schneider;Roger Wattenhofer

  • Affiliations:
  • Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 8092;Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 8092

  • Venue:
  • ISAAC '09 Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

We present two new algorithms for contention management in transactional memory, the deterministic algorithm CommitRounds and the randomized algorithm RandomizedRounds. Our randomized algorithm is efficient: in some notorious problem instances (e.g., dining philosophers) it is exponentially faster than prior work from a worst case perspective. Both algorithms are (i) local and (ii) starvation-free. Our algorithms are local because they do not use global synchronization data structures (e.g., a shared counter), hence they do not introduce additional resource conflicts which eventually might limit scalability. Our algorithms are starvation-free because each transaction is guaranteed to complete. Prior work sometimes features either (i) or (ii), but not both. To analyze our algorithms (from a worst case perspective) we introduce a new measure of complexity that depends on the number of actual conflicts only. In addition, we show that even a non-constant approximation of the length of an optimal (shortest) schedule of a set of transactions is NP-hard --- even if all transactions are known in advance and do not alter their resource requirements. Furthermore, in case the needed resources of a transaction varies over time, such that for a transaction the number of conflicting transactions increases by a factor k , the competitive ratio of any contention manager is 驴(k) for $k, where m denotes the number of cores.