Answering English questions by computer: a survey
Communications of the ACM
Reranking answers for definitional QA using language modeling
ACL-44 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computational Linguistics and the 44th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics
Evaluating discourse-based answer extraction for why-question answering
SIGIR '07 Proceedings of the 30th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A two-stage approach to retrieving answers for how-to questions
EACL '06 Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop
Know-why extraction from textual data for supporting what question
KRAQ '08 Coling 2008: Proceedings of the workshop on Knowledge and Reasoning for Answering Questions
The AT&T spoken language understanding system
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
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In this document, we illustrate how complex questions such as procedural (how-to) ones can be addressed in an interactive format by means of a spoken dialogue system. The advantages of interactivity and in particular of spoken dialogue with respect to standard Question Answering settings are numerous. First, addressing user needs that do not necessarily arise in front of a computer; moreover, a spoken or multimodal answer format can often be better suited to the user's need. Finally, the procedural nature of the information itself makes iterative question formulation and answer production particularly appealing.