The ITU-T BICC protocol: the vital step toward an integrated voice-data multiservice platform
IEEE Communications Magazine
A performance analysis for UMTS packet switched network based on multivariate KPIs
WTS'10 Proceedings of the 9th conference on Wireless telecommunications symposium
A Dimensioning Study for UMTS Core Networks
International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking
An Analysis of Traffic and Throughput for UMTS Packet Core Networks
International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking
Optimizing the Traffic of Voice Core Domain in UMTS Network through RNC Re-homing
International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking
Automatic planning of 3G UMTS all-IP release 4 networks with realistic traffic
Computers and Operations Research
International Journal of Autonomous and Adaptive Communications Systems
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More than 217 UMTS licenses have been issued by June 2007. Mobile operators, especially those with GSM legacy networks, prefer UMTS R4 technique to evolve their existing 2G GSM networks. UMTS R4 technique provides a smooth path to bridge legacy TDM-based network to an IP-based soft-switched network. This paper describes the basic architecture and topology of UMTS R4 core network and introduces two options in network planning: flat structure or layered structure. To propose an evolution path, the paper then suggests a 'threelayer structure' solution to seamlessly converge UMTS R4 core network with legacy GSM core network. The proposed solution approach achieves the all-IP vision and is capable of convergence with IMS and EPC.