An introduction to signal detection and estimation (2nd ed.)
An introduction to signal detection and estimation (2nd ed.)
Computing the Probability of False Watermark Detection
IH '99 Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Information Hiding
Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences
EURASIP Journal on Information Security
Optimal Watermark Embedding and Detection Strategies Under Limited Detection Resources
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
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Assessing that a probability of false alarm is below a given significance level is a crucial issue in watermarking. We propose an iterative and self-adapting algorithm which estimates very low probabilities of error. Some experimental investigations validates its performance for a rare detection scenario where there exists a close form formula of the probability of false alarm. Our algorithm appears to be much quicker and more accurate than a classical Monte Carlo estimator. It even allows the experimental measurement of error exponents.