Vision of the unseen: Current trends and challenges in digital image and video forensics
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
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We present new forensic tools that are capable of detecting traces of tampering in digital video without the use of watermarks or specialized hardware. These tools operate under the assumption that video contain naturally occurring properties which are disturbed by tampering, and which can be quantified, measured, and used to expose video fakes. In this context, we offer five new forensic tools (1) Interlaced, (2) De-interlaced, (3) Double Compression, (4) Duplication, and (5) Re-projection, where each technique targets a specific statistical or geometric artifact. Combined, these tools provide a valuable first set of forensic tools for authenticating digital video.