Algebraic Multilevel Preconditioner for the Helmholtz Equation in Heterogeneous Media

  • Authors:
  • Matthias Bollhöfer;Marcus J. Grote;Olaf Schenk

  • Affiliations:
  • m.bollhoefer@tu-bs.de;marcus.grote@unibas.ch;olaf.schenk@unibas.ch

  • Venue:
  • SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

An algebraic multilevel (ML) preconditioner is presented for the Helmholtz equation in heterogeneous media. It is based on a multilevel incomplete $LDL^T$ factorization and preserves the inherent (complex) symmetry of the Helmholtz equation. The ML preconditioner incorporates two key components for efficiency and numerical stability: symmetric maximum weight matchings and an inverse-based pivoting strategy. The former increases the block-diagonal dominance of the system, whereas the latter controls $\|L^{-1}\|$ for numerical stability. When applied recursively, their combined effect yields an algebraic coarsening strategy, similar to algebraic multigrid methods, even for highly indefinite matrices. The ML preconditioner is combined with a Krylov subspace method and applied as a “black-box” solver to a series of challenging two- and three-dimensional test problems, mainly from geophysical seismic imaging. The numerical results demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the ML preconditioner, even at higher frequency regimes.