Three non-pilot based time- and frequency estimators for OFDM
Signal Processing - Special issue on emerging techniques for communication terminals
OFDM for Wireless Multimedia Communications
OFDM for Wireless Multimedia Communications
Mobile Fading Channels
Spectral Method of Blind Carrier Tracking for OFDM
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing - Part I
ML estimation of time and frequency offset in OFDM systems
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
High accuracy frequency offset correction with adjustable acquisition range in OFDM systems
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Maximum likelihood synchronization for OFDM using a pilot symbol: algorithms
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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A carrier offset in OFDM system simulation is generally considered to be slowly time-varying, so that, over short simulation periods, it may be considered to be a constant quantity. However, depending on system mobility, carrier frequency, and communication duration, time-varying carrier offsets caused by Doppler effects can be significant in a real physical environment. Few researchers have addressed this in their works. Of those who have addressed this, many present simplified, vague, or inaccurate time-varying carrier offset models. In this paper, we present a more realistic time-varying carrier offset model and present expressions for carrier offset correction that maximize the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). We also provide guidelines for when the application of the time-varying carrier offset model is crucial for correct OFDM system evaluation.