Probabilistic routing in intermittently connected networks
ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review
A message ferrying approach for data delivery in sparse mobile ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 5th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Routing in a delay tolerant network
Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
The changing usage of a mature campus-wide wireless network
Proceedings of the 10th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Characterizing mobility and network usage in a corporate wireless local-area network
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services
Spray and wait: an efficient routing scheme for intermittently connected mobile networks
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Delay-tolerant networking
Message ferry route design for sparse ad hoc networks with mobile nodes
Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Analysis and implications of student contact patterns derived from campus schedules
Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
DTN routing as a resource allocation problem
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Bubble rap: social-based forwarding in delay tolerant networks
Proceedings of the 9th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Proceedings of the 9th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Fixed point opportunistic routing in delay tolerant networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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Delay tolerant networks (DTNs) experience frequent and long lasting network disconnection due to various reasons such as mobility, power management, and scheduling. One primary concern in DTNs is to route messages to keep the end-to-end delivery delay as low as possible. In this paper, we study the single-copy message routing problem and propose an optimal opportunistic routing strategy - Leapfrog Routing - for probabilistically contacted DTNs where nodes encounter or contact in some fixed probabilities. We deduce the iterative computation formulate of minimum expected opportunistic delivery delay from each node to the destination, and discover that under the optimal opportunistic routing strategy, messages would be delivered from high-delay node to low-delay node in the leapfrog manner. Rigorous theoretical analysis shows that such a routing strategy is exactly the optimal among all possible ones. Moreover, we apply the idea of Reverse Dijkstra algorithm to design an algorithm. When a destination is given, this algorithm can determine for each node the routing selection function under the Leapfrog Routing strategy. The computation overhead of this algorithm is only O(n2) where n is the number of nodes in the network. In addition, through extensive simulations based on real DTN traces, we demonstrate that our algorithm can significantly outperform the previous ones.