Motion-compensated 3-D subband coding of video
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Three-dimensional subband coding with motion compensation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
H.263+: video coding at low bit rates
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Spatial scalable video coding using a combined subband-DCT approach
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Adaptive motion-compensation fine-granular-scalability (AMC-FGS) for wireless video
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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Benefits and costs of scalable hybrid video coding techniques are analyzed with respect to internet streaming. Temporal, spatial, amplitude scalability, and combinations as described in MPEG-4 are considered. Benefits are a reduction of the server storage capacity, a reduction of the netload for multicast delivery and a graceful degradation in case of transmission errors. Costs are an increasing netload for unicast delivery and an increasing computational expense in the decoder. The result of an evaluation shows that temporal scalability has minimum costs among all analyzed techniques. It increases the netload for unicast only marginally with no additional computational expense in the decoder. Temporal scalability provides a reduction of the server storage capacity and netload for multicast by about 30% and two steps of graceful degradation. All other known standardized and nonstandardized techniques of spatial and amplitude scalability are associated with costs that appear too high to be attractive for internet streaming. Therefore, only temporal scalability is used at the present. Some of the scalable video coding techniques may become of interest for other applications where the investigated costs are less relevant.