Demonstrational Interfaces: A Step Beyond Direct Manipulation
Computer - Special issue on sharing: high performance at low cost
HTML generation and semantic markup for telepathology
Proceedings of the fifth international World Wide Web conference on Computer networks and ISDN systems
Toward an ecology of hypertext annotation
Proceedings of the ninth ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia : links, objects, time and space---structure in hypermedia systems: links, objects, time and space---structure in hypermedia systems
User adaptable multimedia presentations for the World Wide Web
WWW '99 Proceedings of the eighth international conference on World Wide Web
Robust intra-document locations
Proceedings of the 9th international World Wide Web conference on Computer networks : the international journal of computer and telecommunications netowrking
Annotation-based Web content transcoding
Proceedings of the 9th international World Wide Web conference on Computer networks : the international journal of computer and telecommunications netowrking
Using Web annotations for asynchronous collaboration around documents
CSCW '00 Proceedings of the 2000 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Robust annotation positioning in digital documents
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Annotea: an open RDF infrastructure for shared Web annotations
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide Web
Authoring and annotation of web pages in CREAM
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on World Wide Web
Demonstrational interface for XSLT stylesheet generation
Markup Languages
Web Metadata: A Matter of Semantics
IEEE Internet Computing
XSLT Stylesheet Generation by Example with WYSIWYG Editing
SAINT '02 Proceedings of the 2002 Symposium on Applications and the Internet
Annotation by Transformation for the Automatic Generation of Content Customization Metadata
Pervasive '02 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Pervasive Computing
Robust Pointing by XPath Language: Authoring Support and Empirical Evaluation
SAINT '03 Proceedings of the 2003 Symposium on Applications and the Internet
From manual to semi-automatic semantic annotation: about ontology-based text annotation tools
Proceedings of the COLING-2000 Workshop on Semantic Annotation and Intelligent Content
An automatic approach to displaying web applications as portlets
ICDCIT'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Distributed Computing and Internet Technology
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Web annotation is crucial for providing machine-understandable descriptions of Web resources, and has a number of applications such as discovery, qualification, and adaptation of Web documents. While annotations are often embedded into a Web document, annotations can be associated externally by means of addressing expressions represented with the XPath language. However, creation of external annotation solely with a conventional editor is not easy because annotation authoring involves the maintenance and elaboration of addressing expressions as well as annotation contents. In addition, there has been little empirical study of robust pointing by XPath expressions, in spite of the increasing prevalence of the XPath language for use in emerging content adaptation systems. This paper proposes a classification of annotation tool design, taking account of differences in authoring methods and roles of annotation. On the basis of the classification, tools for generating external annotations are briefly explained along with applications of Web document adaptation for small-screen devices and portal site development. Robustness of the addressing expressions is then investigated, and practical implications to the reliable use of external annotation are drawn from empirical evaluation with evolving real-life Web documents.