Chord: A scalable peer-to-peer lookup service for internet applications
Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
SIMPLIcity: Semantics-Sensitive Integrated Matching for Picture LIbraries
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
SODA '03 Proceedings of the fourteenth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms
M-tree: An Efficient Access Method for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces
VLDB '97 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Region proximity in metric spaces and its use for approximate similarity search
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Approximate similarity retrieval with M-trees
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
Introduction to MPEG-7: Multimedia Content Description Interface
Introduction to MPEG-7: Multimedia Content Description Interface
iDistance: An adaptive B+-tree based indexing method for nearest neighbor search
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Similarity Search: The Metric Space Approach (Advances in Database Systems)
Similarity Search: The Metric Space Approach (Advances in Database Systems)
M-Chord: a scalable distributed similarity search structure
InfoScale '06 Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Scalable information systems
On scalability of the similarity search in the world of peers
InfoScale '06 Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Scalable information systems
Structure and evolution of online social networks
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Real-time computerized annotation of pictures
MULTIMEDIA '06 Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Similarity Searching: Towards Bulk-Loading Peer-to-Peer Networks
SISAP '08 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Similarity Search and Applications (sisap 2008)
Image retrieval: Ideas, influences, and trends of the new age
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Generic similarity search engine demonstrated by an image retrieval application
Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
MESSIF: metric similarity search implementation framework
DELOS'07 Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Digital libraries: research and development
On locality-sensitive indexing in generic metric spaces
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on SImilarity Search and APplications
NV-Tree: nearest neighbors at the billion scale
Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval
Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval
Stabilizing the recall in similarity search
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on SImilarity Search and APplications
Evaluation platform for content-based image retrieval systems
TPDL'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Theory and practice of digital libraries: research and advanced technology for digital libraries
Approximate distributed metric-space search
Proceedings of the 9th workshop on Large-scale and distributed informational retrieval
On investigating scalability and robustness in a self-organizing retrieval system
Proceedings of the 9th workshop on Large-scale and distributed informational retrieval
Image similarity: from syntax to weak semantics
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Metric-Based similarity search in unstructured peer-to-peer systems
Transactions on Large-Scale Data- and Knowledge-Centered Systems V
Similarity caching in large-scale image retrieval
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Large-scale similarity data management with distributed Metric Index
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Determining trust in media-rich websites using semantic similarity
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Visual image search: feature signatures or/and global descriptors
SISAP'12 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Similarity Search and Applications
Indexing and searching 100M images with map-reduce
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM conference on International conference on multimedia retrieval
Learning-Based interactive retrieval in large-scale multimedia collections
AMR'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Adaptive Multimedia Retrieval: large-scale multimedia retrieval and evaluation
Efficiency and security in similarity cloud services
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
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As the number of digital images is growing fast and Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is gaining in popularity, CBIR systems should leap towards Web-scale datasets. In this paper, we report on our experience in building an experimental similarity search system on a test collection of more than 50 million images. The first big challenge we have been facing was obtaining a collection of images of this scale with the corresponding descriptive features. We have tackled the non-trivial process of image crawling and extraction of several MPEG-7 descriptors. The result of this effort is a test collection, the first of such scale, opened to the research community for experiments and comparisons. The second challenge was to develop indexing and searching mechanisms able to scale to the target size and to answer similarity queries in real-time. We have achieved this goal by creating sophisticated centralized and distributed structures based purely on the metric space model of data. We have joined them together which has resulted in an extremely flexible and scalable solution. In this paper, we study in detail the performance of this technology and its evolvement as the data volume grows by three orders of magnitude. The results of the experiments are very encouraging and promising for future applications.