Building the Data Warehouse,3rd Edition
Building the Data Warehouse,3rd Edition
The Alternating Decision Tree Learning Algorithm
ICML '99 Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference on Machine Learning
Research Issues in Clinical Data Warehousing
SSDBM '98 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management
Exploratory medical knowledge discovery: experiences and issues
ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter
Comparison of clustering methods for clinical databases
Information Sciences—Informatics and Computer Science: An International Journal - Mining stream data
Temporal reasoning for decision support in medicine
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques, Second Edition (Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
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A data warehouse architecture for clinical data warehousing
ACSW '07 Proceedings of the fifth Australasian symposium on ACSW frontiers - Volume 68
Computational methods for Traditional Chinese Medicine: A survey
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Latent tree models and diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Integrating different grain levels in a medical data warehouse federation
DaWaK'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Data Warehousing and Knowledge Discovery
Ontology development for unified traditional Chinese medical language system
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Uniqueness of medical data mining
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Data mining a diabetic data warehouse
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Evolutionary computing for knowledge discovery in medical diagnosis
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Data mining for indicators of early mortality in a database of clinical records
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Methodological Review: Text mining for traditional Chinese medical knowledge discovery: A survey
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
ICMB'10 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Medical Biometrics
Discovery of regularities in the use of herbs in traditional chinese medicine prescriptions
PAKDD'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on New Frontiers in Applied Data Mining
COW: a co-evolving memetic wrapper for herb-herb interaction analysis in TCM informatics
PAKDD'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on New Frontiers in Applied Data Mining
The impact of feature representation to the biclustering of symptoms-herbs in TCM
PAKDD'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on New Frontiers in Applied Data Mining
CardioSmart365: artificial intelligence in the service of cardiologic patients
Advances in Artificial Intelligence - Special issue on Artificial Intelligence Applications in Biomedicine
Review: Knowledge discovery in medicine: Current issue and future trend
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
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Objective: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a scientific discipline, which develops the related theories from the long-term clinical practices. The large-scale clinical data are the core empirical knowledge source for TCM research. This paper introduces a clinical data warehouse (CDW) system, which incorporates the structured electronic medical record (SEMR) data for medical knowledge discovery and TCM clinical decision support (CDS). Materials and methods: We have developed the clinical reference information model (RIM) and physical data model to manage the various information entities and their relationships in TCM clinical data. An extraction-transformation-loading (ETL) tool is implemented to integrate and normalize the clinical data from different operational data sources. The CDW includes online analytical processing (OLAP) and complex network analysis (CNA) components to explore the various clinical relationships. Furthermore, the data mining and CNA methods are used to discover the valuable clinical knowledge from the data. Results: The CDW has integrated 20,000 TCM inpatient data and 20,000 outpatient data, which contains manifestations (e.g. symptoms, physical examinations and laboratory test results), diagnoses and prescriptions as the main information components. We propose a practical solution to accomplish the large-scale clinical data integration and preprocessing tasks. Meanwhile, we have developed over 400 OLAP reports to enable the multidimensional analysis of clinical data and the case-based CDS. We have successfully conducted several interesting data mining applications. Particularly, we use various classification methods, namely support vector machine, decision tree and Bayesian network, to discover the knowledge of syndrome differentiation. Furthermore, we have applied association rule and CNA to extract the useful acupuncture point and herb combination patterns from the clinical prescriptions. Conclusion: A CDW system consisting of TCM clinical RIM, ETL, OLAP and data mining as the core components has been developed to facilitate the tasks of TCM knowledge discovery and CDS. We have conducted several OLAP and data mining tasks to explore the empirical knowledge from the TCM clinical data. The CDW platform would be a promising infrastructure to make full use of the TCM clinical data for scientific hypothesis generation, and promote the development of TCM from individualized empirical knowledge to large-scale evidence-based medicine.