DES has no per round linear factors
Proceedings of CRYPTO 84 on Advances in cryptology
Cycle Structure of the DES for Keys Having Palindromic (or Antipalindromic) Sequences of Round Keys
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering - Special issue on computer security and privacy
Cryptanalysis of DES with a reduced number of rounds
Lecture notes in computer sciences; 218 on Advances in cryptology---CRYPTO 85
Is the data encryption standard a group? (Results of cycling experiments on DES)
Journal of Cryptology
Permutation generators of alternating groups
AUSCRYPT '90 Proceedings of the international conference on cryptology on Advances in cryptology
Fast recognition of doubly transitive groups
Journal of Symbolic Computation - Special issue on computational group theory: part 2
Markov ciphers and alternating groups
EUROCRYPT '93 Workshop on the theory and application of cryptographic techniques on Advances in cryptology
Guesswork and Variation Distance as Measures of Cipher Security
SAC '99 Proceedings of the 6th Annual International Workshop on Selected Areas in Cryptography
The Round Functions of RIJNDAEL Generate the Alternating Group
FSE '02 Revised Papers from the 9th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption
Imprimitive Permutation Groups and Trapdoors in Iterated Block Ciphers
FSE '99 Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption
Group theoretic properties of Rijndael-like ciphers
Discrete Applied Mathematics
Combinatorial properties of basic encryption operations
EUROCRYPT'97 Proceedings of the 16th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
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In each of the 16 DES rounds we have a permutation of 64-bitblocks. According to the corresponding key-block there are 248 possible permutations per round. In this paper we will prove that these permutations generate the alternating group. The main parts of the paper are the proof that the generated group is 3-transitive, and the application of a result from p. J. Cameron based on the classification of finite simple groups. A corollary concerning n-round functions generalizes the result.