Fundamentals of speech recognition
Fundamentals of speech recognition
An introduction to text-to-speech synthesis
An introduction to text-to-speech synthesis
Unit selection in a concatenative speech synthesis system using a large speech database
ICASSP '96 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01
Perceptual and objective detection of discontinuities in concatenative speech synthesis
ICASSP '01 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 200. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 02
Design of the Test Stimuli for the Evaluation of Concatenation Cost Functions
TSD '09 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue
TSD'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Text, speech and dialogue
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Last decade considerable work has been done in finding an objective distance measure which is able to predict audible discontinuities in concatenative speech synthesis. Speech segments in concatenative synthesis are extracted from disjoint phonetic contexts and discontinuities in spectral shape and phase mismatches tend to occur at unit boundaries. Many feature sets--most of them of spectral nature--and distances were tested. However there were significant discrepancies among the results. In this paper, we tested most of the distances that were proposed using the same listening experiment. Best score were given by AM&FM decomposition of the speech signal using Fisher's linear discriminant.