Affective computing
ECCV '98 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II - Volume II
Vocal communication of emotion: a review of research paradigms
Speech Communication - Special issue on speech and emotion
2005 Special Issue: Beyond emotion archetypes: Databases for emotion modelling using neural networks
Neural Networks - Special issue: Emotion and brain
2005 Special Issue: Challenges in real-life emotion annotation and machine learning based detection
Neural Networks - Special issue: Emotion and brain
OTM '09 Proceedings of the Confederated International Conferences, CoopIS, DOA, IS, and ODBASE 2009 on On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: Part I
Detecting changing emotions in natural speech
IEA/AIE'12 Proceedings of the 25th international conference on Industrial Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems: advanced research in applied artificial intelligence
Detecting changing emotions in human speech by machine and humans
Applied Intelligence
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This paper describes ongoing work towards building a multimodal computer system capable of sensing the affective state of a user. Two major problem areas exist in the affective communication research. Firstly, affective states are defined and described in an inconsistent way. Secondly, the type of training data commonly used gives an oversimplified picture of affective expression. Most studies ignore the dynamic, versatile and personalised nature of affective expression and the influence that social setting, context and culture have on its rules of display. We present a novel approach to affective sensing, using a generic model of affective communication and a set of ontologies to assist in the analysis of concepts and to enhance the recognition process. Whilst the scope of the ontology provides for a full range of multimodal sensing, this paper focuses on spoken language and facial expressions as examples.