Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
The Impact of Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
ICDCSW '02 Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks
HICSS '00 Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 8 - Volume 8
Supporting Aggregate Queries Over Ad-Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks
WMCSA '02 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications
TAG: a Tiny AGgregation service for ad-hoc sensor networks
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review - OSDI '02: Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Impact of Network Density on Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
ICDCS '02 Proceedings of the 22 nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS'02)
AIDA: Adaptive application-independent data aggregation in wireless sensor networks
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
Medians and beyond: new aggregation techniques for sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Synopsis diffusion for robust aggregation in sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
DCTC: dynamic convoy tree-based collaboration for target tracking in sensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Aggregation Protocols for High Rate, Low Delay Data Collection in Sensor Networks
NETWORKING '09 Proceedings of the 8th International IFIP-TC 6 Networking Conference
Dynamic timeout for data aggregation in wireless sensor networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
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Real-time monitoring applications for sensor networks can require high sampling rates and low-delay forwarding of the sensor values to a sink node at which the data is to be further processed. High data collection rates can be efficiently supported by aggregating data as it is being forwarded to the sink. Since aggregation requires that some sensor data be delayed at intermediate nodes, while waiting for other data to be received, a key issue in the context of real-time monitoring is how to achieve effective aggregation with minimal forwarding delay. Previous work has advocated synchronous aggregation, in which a node's position in the aggregation tree determines when it transmits to its parent. This paper shows that asynchronous aggregation, in which the time of each node's transmission is determined adaptively based on its local history of past packet receptions from its children, outperforms synchronous aggregation by providing lower delay for a given end-to-end loss rate.