Multi-level µ-finite element analysis for human bone structures

Authors:
Peter Arbenz;G. Harry Van Lenthe;Uche Mennel;Ralph Müller;Marzio Sala
Affiliations:
Institute of Computational Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich;Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, Zürich;Institute of Computational Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich;Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, Zürich;Institute of Computational Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich
Venue:
PARA'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Applied parallel computing: state of the art in scientific computing
Year:
2006

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Abstract

Using microarchitectural bone imaging, it is now possible to assess both the apparent density and the trabecular microstructure of intact bones in a single measurement. In combination with microstructural finite element (µFE) analysis this could provide a powerful tool to improve strength assessment and individual fracture risk prediction. However, the resulting µFE models are very large and require dedicated solution techniques. Therefore, in this paper we investigate the efficient solution of the resulting large systems of linear equations by the preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm. We detail the implementation strategies that lead to a fully parallel finite element solver. Our numerical results show that a human bone model of about 5 million elements can be solved in about a minute. These short solution times will allow to assess the mechanical quality of bone in vivo on a routine basis. Furthermore, our highly scalable solution methods make it possible to analyze the very large models of whole bones measured in vitro, which can have up to 1 billion degrees of freedom.