Evolution strategies –A comprehensive introduction
Natural Computing: an international journal
Solving Multiobjective Optimization Problems Using an Artificial Immune System
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
Comparison of multi-modal optimization algorithms based on evolutionary algorithms
Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
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This paper presents an novel evolution and immune hybrid algorithm for multimodal function optimization. The algorithm constructs a multi-dimensional shape-space based on immune theory and approaches optima by steepest descent evolution strategy along each dimension, adjusts steps adaptively based on fitness in each iteration, as a result, gets steepest and surefooted ability approaching the optima. By suppressing close individuals in immune shape-space within a restraint radius and supplying new individuals to exploit new searching space, the algorithm obtains very good diversity. Experiments for multimodal functions show that the algorithm achieved global searching effect, obtained all the optima in shorter iterations and with lesser size of population compared with the GA, CSA and op-aiNet.