A watermarking-based image ownership and tampering authentication scheme
Pattern Recognition Letters
A semi-blind digital watermarking scheme based on singular value decomposition
Computer Standards & Interfaces
SVD-based digital image watermarking scheme
Pattern Recognition Letters
Cocktail watermarking for digital image protection
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Watermarking in the space/spatial-frequency domain using two-dimensional Radon-Wigner distribution
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Rotation, scale, and translation resilient watermarking for images
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Circularly symmetric watermark embedding in 2-D DFT domain
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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This paper proposed a robust watermarking scheme based on discrete wavelet transform to hide a grayscale watermark in a digital image for image authentication. The proposed scheme employed toral automorphism to scramble the host image and the watermark so as to enhance the security and fidelity of the embedded watermark. Later, the permuted watermark and the permuted host image were transformed by discrete wavelet transform. Next, the transformed watermark was concealed in the low frequency coefficient of the transformed image by using the concept of codebook matching. Simulation results showed that the required extra storage of the proposed scheme for extracting the watermark was lower than that of Lu et al.'s scheme. In addition, the extracted watermark image quality of the proposed methods was better than that of Shieh et al.'s scheme. According to the experimental results, the proposed scheme indeed outperformed Shieh et al.'s and Lu et al.'s schemes. Moreover, the proposed scheme was robust to various attacks, such as JPEG compression, Gaussian blurred, sharpening, cropping, brightness, contrast enhancement, rotation, and so on.