Integer Programming and Conway's Game of Life
SIAM Review
Constraint Processing
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Generating special-purpose stateless propagators for arbitrary constraints
CP'10 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Principles and practice of constraint programming
A complete solution to the Maximum Density Still Life Problem
Artificial Intelligence
Improving combinatorial optimization: extended abstract
IJCAI'13 Proceedings of the Twenty-Third international joint conference on Artificial Intelligence
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The Maximum Density Sill-Life Problem is to fill an n × n board of cells with the maximum number of live cells so that the board is stable under the rules of Conway's Game of Life. We reformulate the problem into one of minimising "wastage" rather than maximising the number of live cells. This reformulation allows us to compute strong upper bounds on the number of live cells. By combining this reformulation with several relaxation techniques, as well as exploiting symmetries via caching, we are able to find close to optimal solutions up to size n = 100, and optimal solutions for instances as large as n = 69. The best previous method could only find optimal solutions up to n = 20.