Automatic verification of finite-state concurrent systems using temporal logic specifications
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Specifications are not (necessarily) executable
Software Engineering Journal
Systematic software development using VDM (2nd ed.)
Systematic software development using VDM (2nd ed.)
An overview of the ISO/VDM-SL standard
ACM SIGPLAN Notices
Software tools to support formal methods
Software tools to support formal methods
The IFAD VDM-SL toolbox: a practical approach to formal specifications
ACM SIGPLAN Notices
CADiZ : an architecture for Z tools and its implementation
Software—Practice & Experience
The formal semantics of ISO VDM-SL
Computer Standards & Interfaces - Special issue on formal description techniques
Using Z: specification, refinement, and proof
Using Z: specification, refinement, and proof
The B-book: assigning programs to meanings
The B-book: assigning programs to meanings
Automated reasoning and its applications
Modelling systems: practical tools and techniques in software development
Modelling systems: practical tools and techniques in software development
Empirical results of a software engineering curriculum incorporating formal methods
Proceedings of the thirty-first SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education
Formal specification: a roadmap
Proceedings of the Conference on The Future of Software Engineering
Formal Methods Application: An Empirical Tale of Software Development
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Ten Commandments of Formal Methods
Computer
IEEE Software
Applying Formal Specification in Industry
IEEE Software
TAPSOFT '95 Proceedings of the 6th International Joint Conference CAAP/FASE on Theory and Practice of Software Development
On the Need for Practical Formal Methods
FTRTFT '98 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Formal Techniques in Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems
Proceedings of the Z User Workshop
Automating the Generation and Sequencing of Test Cases from Model-Based Specifications
FME '93 Proceedings of the First International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe on Industrial-Strength Formal Methods
Combining VDM-SL Specifications with C++ Code
FME '96 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe on Industrial Benefit and Advances in Formal Methods
PICGAL: Practical Use of Formal Specification to Develop a Complex Critical System
FME '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe on Industrial Applications and Strengthened Foundations of Formal Methods
A Proof Obligation Generator for VDM-SL
FME '97 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe on Industrial Applications and Strengthened Foundations of Formal Methods
VDM '91 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium of VDM Europe on Formal Software Development-Volume I: Conference Contributions - Volume I
VDM '91 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium of VDM Europe on Formal Software Development-Volume I: Conference Contributions - Volume I
An Executable Subset of Meta-IV with Loose Specification
VDM '91 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium of VDM Europe on Formal Software Development-Volume I: Conference Contributions - Volume I
PVS: A Prototype Verification System
CADE-11 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automated Deduction: Automated Deduction
Comments on "Formal Methods Application: An Empirical Tale of Software Development"
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Response to "Comments on 'Formal Methods Application: An Empirical Tale of Software Development'"
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Operation decomposition proof obligations for blocks and procedures
Operation decomposition proof obligations for blocks and procedures
Journal of Functional Programming
The mystery of formal methods disuse
Communications of the ACM - Interactive immersion in 3D graphics
Validated Designs For Object-oriented Systems
Validated Designs For Object-oriented Systems
An overview of JML tools and applications
International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer (STTT) - Special section on formal methods for industrial critical systems
Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages
Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages
A Panacea or Academic Poppycock: Formal Methods Revisited
HASE '05 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Symposium on High-Assurance Systems Engineering
Software Engineering 1: Abstraction and Modelling (Texts in Theoretical Computer Science. An EATCS Series)
UML-B: Formal modeling and design aided by UML
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM)
Software Abstractions: Logic, Language, and Analysis
Software Abstractions: Logic, Language, and Analysis
Developing safety-critical systems: the role of formal methods and tools
SCS '05 Proceedings of the 10th Australian workshop on Safety critical systems and software - Volume 55
Roadmap for enhanced languages and methods to aid verification
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Generative programming and component engineering
Is abstraction the key to computing?
Communications of the ACM
An Overview of Anna, a Specification Language for Ada
IEEE Software
Co-simulation of distributed embedded real-time control systems
IFM'07 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Integrated formal methods
The spec# programming system: an overview
CASSIS'04 Proceedings of the 2004 international conference on Construction and Analysis of Safe, Secure, and Interoperable Smart Devices
Using b as a high level programming language in an industrial project: roissy VAL
ZB'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Formal Specification and Development in Z and B
Modeling and validating distributed embedded real-time systems with VDM++
FM'06 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Formal Methods
VDMTools: advances in support for formal modeling in VDM
ACM SIGPLAN Notices
Recent industrial applications of VDM in Japan
FACS-FMI'07 Proceedings of the 2007th internatioanal conference on Formal Methods in Industry
Early fault detection in industry using models at various abstraction levels
IFM'12 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Integrated Formal Methods
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Our goal is to help the developers of computer-based systems to make informed design decisions on the basis of insights gained from the rigorous analysis of abstract system models. The early work on model-oriented specification has inspired the development of numerous formalisms and tools supporting modelling and analysis. There are also many stories of successful industrial application, often driven by a few champions possessing deep a priori understanding of formalisms. There are fewer cases of successful take-up or adoption of the technology in the long term.We argue that successful industrial adoption of this technology requires that potential users strike a balance between the effort expended in producing and analysing a model and insight gained. In order to support this balancing act, tools need to offer a range of levels of effort and insight. Further, educators need to recognise that training in formal development techniques must support this trade-off process.