A Markov process based approach to effective attacking JPEG steganography
IH'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Information hiding
IH'04 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Information Hiding
IH'05 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information Hiding
Context-based entropy coding of block transform coefficients for image compression
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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In this paper, an effective steganalysis method based on Markov transition matrix is proposed to attacking the advanced JPEG steganographic schemes. As the horizontal and vertical scan modes failed to detect F5 steganography with low imbedding-rate, zigzag scanning pattern is developed to arrange both DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) blocks and coefficients in each block. Difference computation was applied on the arranged JPEG 2-D array, which enhanced the variation caused by data embedding. Threshold and truncation techniques are utilized to make the computational complexity of the proposed method manageable. Bidirectional Markov matrix is exploited to capture the correlations between the adjacent coefficients in both intra-block and inter-block senses, which have been changed during data embedding. Features for steganalysis are derived from intra-block and inter-block Markov transition matrixes. The experiment works have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, which greatly improves the capability of steganalysis, the detection accuracy for each steganography at embedding-rate 0.05 exceeds 95%.