Qualitative Representation of Spatial Knowledge
Qualitative Representation of Spatial Knowledge
Language and Spatial Cognition
Language and Spatial Cognition
An Empirically Validated Model for Computing Spatial Relations
KI '95 Proceedings of the 19th Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Projective relations for 3D space: computational model, application, and psychological evaluation
AAAI'97/IAAI'97 Proceedings of the fourteenth national conference on artificial intelligence and ninth conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Linguistic and nonlinguistic turn direction concepts
COSIT'07 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Spatial information theory
Updating in models of spatial memory
SC'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Spatial Cognition V: reasoning, action, interaction
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Evidence is presented for the use of reference directions in verbal encoding and memory encoding. It is argued that reference directions (in linguistic spatial categorization as well as in memory encoding) are based on perceptually salient and distinguished orientations. A newly found spatial tilt effect for the sagittal in 3D visual space, that is reflected in different kinds of language processing, confirms a perceptual foundation of spatial language. It is proposed that direction is a qualitative attribute dimension, whose prototype values are not mean values or other characteristics of an empirical distribution but instead perceptually salient cognitive reference values. An account for angular bias effects in reporting location from memory is put forward and experimental results on the angular bias with and without physically present lines are presented.