Automatic Analysis of Facial Expressions: The State of the Art
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Analysis of emotion recognition using facial expressions, speech and multimodal information
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
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The paper presents our initial attempts in building an audio video emotion recognition system. Both, audio and video sub-systems are discussed, and description of the database of spontaneous emotions is given. The task of labelling the recordings from the database according to different emotions is discussed and the measured agreement between multiple annotators is presented. Instead of focusing on the prosody in audio emotion recognition, we evaluate the possibility of using linear transformations (CMLLR) as features. The classification results from audio and video sub-systems are combined using sum rule fusion and the increase in recognition results, when using both modalities, is presented.