PERCOMW '04 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops
Privacy and security in library RFID: issues, practices, and architectures
Proceedings of the 11th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
A Scalable and Provably Secure Hash-Based RFID Protocol
PERCOMW '05 Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops
RFID privacy issues and technical challenges
Communications of the ACM - Special issue: RFID
A Lightweight RFID Protocol to protect against Traceability and Cloning attacks
SECURECOMM '05 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Security and Privacy for Emerging Areas in Communications Networks
Protecting RFID communications in supply chains
ASIACCS '07 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM symposium on Information, computer and communications security
Mutual authentication in RFID: security and privacy
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Information, computer and communications security
A family of dunces: trivial RFID identification and authentication protocols
PET'07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Privacy enhancing technologies
Novel RFID authentication schemes for security enhancement and system efficiency
SDM'07 Proceedings of the 4th VLDB conference on Secure data management
A lightweight RFID protocol using substring
EUC'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Embedded and ubiquitous computing
An efficient mutual authentication scheme for EPCglobal class-1 generation-2 RFID system
EUC'07 Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Emerging direction in embedded and ubiquitous computing
Low-cost and strong-security RFID authentication protocol
EUC'07 Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Emerging direction in embedded and ubiquitous computing
ASIACRYPT'07 Proceedings of the Advances in Crypotology 13th international conference on Theory and application of cryptology and information security
RFID systems: a survey on security threats and proposed solutions
PWC'06 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC6 international conference on Personal Wireless Communications
Efficient authentication for low-cost RFID systems
ICCSA'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Computational Science and its Applications - Volume Part I
ESAS'05 Proceedings of the Second European conference on Security and Privacy in Ad-Hoc and Sensor Networks
RFID traceability: a multilayer problem
FC'05 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security
A scalable and untraceable authentication protocol for RFID
EUC'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Emerging Directions in Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing
Secure EPCglobal class-1 gen-2 RFID system against security and privacy problems
OTM'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: AWeSOMe, CAMS, COMINF, IS, KSinBIT, MIOS-CIAO, MONET - Volume Part I
RFID security and privacy: a research survey
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Information confinement, privacy, and security in RFID systems
ESORICS'07 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Research in Computer Security
A new framework for RFID privacy
ESORICS'10 Proceedings of the 15th European conference on Research in computer security
On RFID privacy with mutual authentication and tag corruption
ACNS'10 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Applied cryptography and network security
Towards a practical solution to the RFID desynchronization problem
RFIDSec'10 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Radio frequency identification: security and privacy issues
Practical RFID ownership transfer scheme
Journal of Computer Security - 2010 Workshop on RFID Security (RFIDSec'10 Asia)
Impossibility results for RFID privacy notions
Transactions on computational science XI
ESORICS'11 Proceedings of the 16th European conference on Research in computer security
Addressing flaws in RFID authentication protocols
INDOCRYPT'11 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Cryptology in India
A secure and private RFID authentication protocol under SLPN problem
NSS'12 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Network and System Security
A zero-knowledge based framework for RFID privacy
Journal of Computer Security - ESORICS 2010
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Many RFID authentication protocols with randomized tag response have been proposed to avoid simple tag tracing. These protocols are symmetric in common due to the lack of computational power to perform expensive asymmetric cryptography calculations in low-cost tags. Protocols with constantly changing tag key have also been proposed to avoid more advanced tag tracing attacks. With both the symmetric and constantchanging properties, tag and reader re-synchronization is unavoidable as the key of a tag can be made desynchronized with the reader due to offline attacks or incomplete protocol runs. In this paper, our contribution is to classify these synchronized RFID authentication protocols into different types and then examine their highest achievable levels of privacy protections using the privacy model proposed by Vaudenay in Asiacrypt 2007 and later extended by Ng et al. in ESORICS 2008. Our new privacy results show the separation between weak privacy and narrow-forward privacy in these protocols, which effectively fills themissing relationship of these two privacy levels in Vaudenay's paper and answer the question raised by Paise and Vaudenay in ASIACCS 2008 on why they cannot find a candidate protocol that can achieve both privacy levels at the same time. We also show that forward privacy is impossible with these synchronized protocols.