GPSR: greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Power-Aware Localized Routing in Wireless Networks
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Latency of wireless sensor networks with uncoordinated power saving mechanisms
Proceedings of the 5th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Routing protocols in wireless mesh networks: challenges and design considerations
Multimedia Tools and Applications
X-MAC: a short preamble MAC protocol for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
An address-light, integrated MAC and routing protocol for wireless sensor networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Alert: An Adaptive Low-Latency Event-Driven MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
IPSN '08 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
Geographic Random Forwarding (GeRaF) for Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks: Multihop Performance
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
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In recent integrated MAC/routing solutions for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), hop-count is exploited to build a coarse-grained logical coordinates to help forward packets towards the direction of sink. This method can retain the merits of geographic routing at the absence of exact location knowledge. However, these solutions may present low energy-efficiency and unacceptable delays in real networks since they seldom consider the impacts of low duty-cycling and link unreliability on routing. Furthermore, geographic advancement of forwarding in hop-count based coordinates is very unreliable and even towards the reverse direction. In this work, average power cost to the sink of each node is considered together with hop-count to build a fine-grained logical coordinates, which can help forward packets towards the direction of sink more accurately. Then we propose an energy-efficient integrated MAC/routing (EEMR) protocol for event-driven and time-critical applications based on new logical coordinates. The optimal relay is elected in each hop dynamically, where the objective is to optimize forwarding energy-efficiency on the premise that end-to-end delay is restricted under the predefined upper bound. Analysis and extensive simulations are given to demonstrate the superiority of EEMR by comparing its performance against existing solutions.