Generalized loop-back recovery in optical mesh networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
p-Cycle Network Design with Hop Limits and Circumference Limits
BROADNETS '04 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Broadband Networks
WDM optical communication networks: progress and challenges
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Cross-layer adaptive routing and wavelength assignment in all-optical networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Part Supplement
A cross-layer ILP formulation for finding p-cycles in all-optical networks
GLOBECOM'09 Proceedings of the 28th IEEE conference on Global telecommunications
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Link protection schemes for WDM-based optical networks have been extensively researched. Most work to date has ignored the physical layer impairments (PLIs) that could be dominant in transparent optical networks with long links. In this paper, we first evaluate the performance of two link protection schemes - namely, p-cycles and generalized loopback - when PLIs are considered. Our evaluation shows that a choice of p-cycles that merely tries to optimize the wavelength usage can be more susceptible to failures in a realistic environment. In particular, we show that the Hamiltonian p-cycle is not the optimal choice for p-cycle selection in all-optical networks. This is mainly due to the interference caused by the long lightpaths that appear in the network after a failure occurs. We show that although a selection of smaller p-cycles can cause higher blocking probability, it is less vulnerable to failures. We also compare the performance of p-cycles to the generalized loopback link cover approach in these environments. Finally, we apply a cross-layer routing and wavelength assignment algorithm to these schemes that significantly enhances performance in physically impaired optical networks.